Attorney Fred D. Gray Biography

Veteran civil rights attorney Fred Gray's legal career began in the midst of America's modern day civil rights movement. With a quiet demeanor, strong determination and secret commitment made in college, he vowed, "to become a lawyer, return to Alabama, and destroy everything segregated I could find."

Gray began his legal career as a sole practitioner, when, less than a year out of law school, and at age twenty-four, he represented Mrs. Rosa Parks who refused to give up her seat to a white man on a city bus, the action that initiated the Montgomery Bus Boycott. Gray was also Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s first civil rights lawyer. This was the beginning of a legal career that now spans over fifty years.

Gray has been at the forefront of changing the social fabric of America regarding desegregation, integration, constitutional law, racial discrimination in voting, housing, education, jury service, farm subsidies, medicine and ethics, and generally in improving the national judicial system. Among his notable cases are Browder v. Gayle, which integrated the buses in the City of Montgomery in1956, Gomillion v. Lightfoot decided in 1960, which returned Africa-Americans to the city limits of the City of Tuskegee, and Pollard v. United States of America.

In 1932 the United States Government induced rural, black, males in and around Macon County, Alabama to become involved in what has become known as the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. The case was finally settled and the government was ordered to discontinue its treatment program.

At Mr. Gray’s encouragement, in May 1997, President Clinton made an official apology to the participants of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. Gray was the moving force in the establishment of the Tuskegee Human and Civil Rights Multicultural Center (the Center), Tuskegee, Alabama. When fully developed, not only will it serve as a memorial to the participants of the Study, but educate the public on the contributions made in the field of human and civil rights by Native Americans, African Americans, and Americans of European descent.

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